How to model steel bracings with SMA in the end zones?

[hitesh4894]

I am trying to model 2-D steel frame 6 storeys and 3 bays. In the middle bay I am using X-bracing made of steel with SMA in the end zones. I want to show the recentering capability of the SMA bracings by comparing this with traditional steel bracing. So, how should I model steel bracing with SMA in the end zones ? I am carrying out non-linear time history analysis for different earthquake ground motions.

[ruipinho]

hitesh4894, hi.

I carried out a search (in this Forum and on the web in general) on the word "alloy", and readily found a number of suggestions/proposals on how to proceed with the modelling you mention, the most recurrent of which involved the introduction of adequately calibrated springs at the ends of the frame elements.

Best,

Rui